Griner was initially detained in February by Russian authorities. It took weeks before her detainment was announced by the Russian Federal Customs Service. Griner was being detained for being in possession of hashish oil that was in her vape cartridges. She was accused of "smuggling" drugs.

Griner was in Russia to play for UMMC Ekaterinburg, a team she has played for since 2016 to supplement her income from the WNBA. For her first season, she was reportedly paid a little less than $1 million, which was about four times the WNBA's max annual salary.

The U.S. government classified Griner's detention as wrongful detainment.

The athlete pled guilty to the drug charges and was convicted in August. She was sentenced to nine years of jail time. In November, her lawyers confirmed that she had been moved to a penal colony, which is often harsh on political prisoners.

In early talks around the exchange, it was said that the deal could include veteran Marine Paul Whelan. He was arrested in 2018. Whelan is currently still in Russian custody according to his lawyer. He was convicted on espionage charges.

Bout was arrested in 2008 and convicted in 2012 of conspiring to kill Americans, provide material support to a terrorist organization, and acquire and export anti-aircraft missiles. He was sentenced to 25 years. He has maintained his innocence.